In a recent dialogue paper, Andrew Boal, the chair of retirement strategy group at the Actuaries Institute, said the current age pension system, including the operation of the means test, is very complex, which makes it difficult for individuals to optimise their financial position in retirement without seeking advice.

“For many Australians, there is a risk they will fall into a retirement income trap if they don’t draw down and spend their retirement savings fast enough, and as a result, their retirement income is less than optimal,” Mr Boal said.

“Equity issues have also emerged over time in relation to the cost to taxpayers of providing the age pension and the tax concessions and incentives provided for superannuation contributions, investment income and end benefits. Questions have been raised regarding the sustainability of the system in its current form, especially when considered in conjunction with the expected increases in health and aged care costs over the next 40 years.”

Mr Boal noted that if a retiree age 67, who is a single non-home owner, draws down the minimum amount over 23 years to age 90, then the increased income produced by the additional savings is partially offset by a reduction in the age pension.

“On the other hand, if the retiree gradually draws down all their capital over the 23 years to age 90, they not only gain the benefit of spending more of their savings, but they also become eligible for higher age pension payments sooner,” he explained.

“It is worth noting that a higher taper rate does encourage retirees to spend their savings as quickly as possible until they become eligible for the full age pension, but there is little evidence that this occurs in practice.”

He referred to research by Mercer which showed that 39 per cent of retirees choose to draw down the minimum rate, and a further 13 per cent only draw down 1 per cent above the minimum amount.

Mr Boal said the retirement income review should provide the federal government with the relevant information to help improve the cohesion of the system, so that all components work together to more efficiently deliver fair and equitable outcomes.

“The system needs to be efficient so that the cost to taxpayers meets its core objectives. It must be affordable and sustainable and produce adequate outcomes that still allow some flexibility to meet an individual’s needs, and be simple enough so that retirees can optimise their position without having to spend a lot of money on advice,” Mr Boal said.